Methods for the Production of Porous Scaffolds Comprising Multiple Layers with Distinct Characteristics

A process for the preparation of a composite biomaterial comprising: providing a first substantially solid component comprising one or more of collagen, a glycosaminoglycan, albumin, hyaluronan, chitosan, and synthetic polypeptides comprising a portion of the polypeptide sequence of collagen, and optionally an inorganic material, said component having at least a surface portion that is porous; providing a fluid composition comprising one or more of collagen, a glycosaminoglycan, albumin, hyaluronan, chitosan, and synthetic polypeptides comprising a portion of the polypeptide sequence of collagen, and a liquid carrier, and optionally an inorganic material; contacting said fluid composition with said porous surface portion of said first component; cooling said fluid composition to a temperature at which the liquid carrier transforms into a plurality of solid crystals or particles; removing at least some of the plurality of solid crystals or particles by sublimation and/or evaporation.