Long-term Stabilization, Formulation and Tableting of Live Microbial Cells

Provided herein are compositions comprising Escherichia coli (E. coli), Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii), Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), and/or Ensifer meliloti (E. meliloti) and a first stabilizing excipient. Also provided herein are methods of delivering E. coli, S. boulardii, L. plantarum, and/or E. meliloti to a subject in need thereof, methods of inducing bacterial growth in a subject or in a cell, tissue, or biological sample, and methods of inhibiting an enteric pathogen in a subject or in a cell, tissue, or biological sample. Further provided herein are methods of treating dysbiosis in a subject in need thereof.